14th November
World Diabetes Day
The Whys And Whats Of Diabetes, Drive Diabetes and Its
Complications Away with A Healthy Life Style
Diabetes
is fast gaining the status of a potential epidemic in India with more than 62
millions diabetic individuals currently diagnosed with the disease. In 2000, India
(3.7 million) topped the world with the highest number of people with diabetes
mellitus followed by china (20.8million) with the United States (17.7 million)
in second, third place respectively.
Preliminary
results from a large community conducted by the Indian council of medical research
(ICMR) revealed that lower proportion of the population is affected in states
of Northern India (Chandigharh 0.12 million, Jharkhand 0.96 million) as
compared to Maharashtra (9.2 million) and Tamil Nadu (4.8 million) as stated by
one of the article named ‘‘The current state of diabetes mellitus in India’’.
Diabetes
Diabetes
is a metabolic disorder it is characterized by high blood sugar levels. It also
interrupts in metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Diabetes is due
to inadequate insulin in the body (Insulin is a hormone which regulates
metabolism of carbohydrates and fats by promoting the absorption of glucose). Diabetes is of two types.
Type 1 diabetes:
5% to 10% of all diabetic cases
Develops in childhood
Pancreas doesn’t
make insulin
Type 2
Diabetes: 90% of all diabetic cases
Do not produce
enough insulin or
Have resistance to
insulin
Risk factors for Diabetes
Risk
factors for Type 1 Diabetes
Autoimmune (autoimmune is a condition in which body loses
its ability to recognize its own body cells and starts destroying them) destruction
of pancreatic beta cells resulting in absolute deficiency of insulin.
Risk
factors for Type 2 Diabetes
High
Blood Pressure
High
fat and Cholesterol levels
Smoking
Sedentary
life styles
Over
weight
Family
history
Symptoms
·Polyuria
(urinates frequently and abnormally
large amounts)
·Polydipsia
(excessive thirst)
·Polyphagia
(excessive hunger)
·Weight
loss (In type 2 diabetes , weight loss is less common)
Non-Medical treatment for diabetes
·Medical
Nutrition therapy is recommended for all patients with diabetes.
·A
meal plan is highly recommended which has moderate carbohydrate and low in
saturated fat.
·Aerobic
exercises can improve insulin resistance and decrease blood sugar levels and
may helpful in reduction of cardiovascular risk factors.
·Exercises
should be started slowly from 10 minute to 30 minutes a day.
·Older
patients and patients with other disease conditions like heart diseases, joint
diseases need to follow particular plan as told by your physician.
Recognize your blood glucose levels with these
symptoms
Complications
Diabetic Retinopathy:
·If
you have problems in vision and you are a diabetic patient you should consult ophthalmologist
for every 6 to 12 months
·Laser
photocoagulation has improved sight preservation in diabetic patients
Diabetic Neuropathy:
·Peripheral
neuropathy is the most common complication in type 2 diabetes.
·Symptoms
that indicate Peripheral neuropathy is paresthesias, Numbness ,Pain.
·Hand
is more prone than feet.
·In
some patients diabetic diarrhea is observed which is usually controlled by 14
day antibiotic treatment.
Diabetic Nephropathy
·Glucose
and blood pressure control are most important for prevention of Nephropathy.
·Blood
pressure control is most important for retarding the progression of established
nephropathy.
Peripheral vascular disease and foot ulcers
·Claudication
(impairment in walking) and non healing foot ulcer are most common in type 2 DM
·Local
debridement and appropriate foot wear
and foot care are important in the early treatment may be beneficial in
more advanced lesions
Coronary artery disease
·Multi
risk factor intervention reduces macro vascular events.
·The
National cholesterol education program adult treatment panel III guidelines
classify the presence of DM as coronary heart disease risk.
Reduce Your Risk Factors
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